Municipal vs. Private Wells: What’s the Difference?

Zack Betzsold • April 3, 2025

Municipal vs. Private Wells: What’s the Difference?

Eggen Pumps & Well Service | St. George, UT

In Southern Utah, water often comes from one of two sources: a municipal well or a private well. Both provide access to underground water, but they work differently, serve different users, and have different rules.

If you’re building a home, managing a farm, or working for a city or utility, it’s helpful to know the difference between the two.


What Is a Municipal Well?

A municipal well serves a group of people—usually a city, town, or community. These wells are deep, high-capacity systems designed to meet public demand.

Key features of municipal wells:

  • Operated by a city, utility, or water district
  • Follow strict water quality and testing rules
  • Supply water to many homes and businesses
  • Use large pumps, control systems, and storage tanks

In places like St. George, Washington, and Hurricane, municipal wells are the backbone of public water systems. These wells must meet state and federal health standards and are monitored regularly.


What Is a Private Well?

A private well provides water to a single home, farm, or business. These are common in rural areas and on agricultural land throughout Southern Utah.

Key features of private wells:

  • Owned and maintained by the landowner
  • Serve one household, property, or field
  • Testing and maintenance are the owner’s responsibility
  • May not be subject to regular government oversight

Private wells are more flexible but require more attention from the owner to keep water clean and the system running well.


Main Differences at a Glance

FeatureMunicipal WellPrivate WellOwnershipCity or public utilityPrivate property ownerWater UsagePublic (many users)Private (one user)MaintenanceHandled by the cityHandled by the ownerRegulationsStrict water quality rulesFewer regulationsCost to OperateCovered by water billsOwner pays for upkeep


Which Is Right for You?

If you’re living in a city or town, you’re likely using municipal water already. But if you’re building in a rural area or need water for irrigation, a private well may be the better option.


At Eggen Pumps & Well Service, we install and maintain both municipal and private wells across Southern Utah. Whether you need help with a high-volume system or a simple home setup, we can guide you through the process.


Have questions about your well system or thinking of drilling a new one? Contact Eggen Pumps & Well Service today to get expert help with your water needs.

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